Magnoliophyta Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996)
  1. Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht. (1967)
    1. Magnolianae Takht. (1967)
    2. Lauranae Takht. (1997)
  2. Piperopsida Bartl. (1830)
   1. Piperidae Reveal (1994)
    1. Piperanae Reveal (1994)
    2. Lactoridanae Takht. (1997)
    3. Rafflesianae Thorne ex Reveal (1996)
    4. Balanophoranae R. Dahlg. ex Rev.(1992)
   2. Nymphaeidae J.W. Walker ex Takht. 97
    1. Nymphaeanae Thorne ex Rev.(1992)
   3. Nelumbonidae Takht. (1997)
    1. Nelumbonanae Takht. ex Rev. (1992)
    2. Ceratophyllanae Takht., No.In (1997)
3. Liliopsida Scop. (1760)
              Aropsida Bartl. (1830)
              Bromeliopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Hydrocharitopsida Bartl.(1830)
              Juncopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Liriopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Najadiopsida Hoff. & Link (1809)
              Orchidopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Pandanopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Phoenicopsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Alismatidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Butomanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    2. Alismatanae Takht. (1967)
   2. Triurididae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
   3. Aridae Takht. (1997)
    2. Aranae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
    3. Cyclanthanae Thorne ex Rev. (1996)
    4. Pandananae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
   4. Liliidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Lilianae Takht. (1967)
   5. Arecidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Arecanae Takht. (1967)
   6. Commelinidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Bromelianae R. Dahlgren ex R. (1992)
    2. Pontederianae Takht. ex Rev. (1992)
    3. Commelinanae Takht. (1967)
    4. Hydatellanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    5. Typhanae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
    6. Juncanae Takht. (1967)
   7. Zingiberidae Cronquist (1978)
    1. Zingiberanae Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
4. Ranunculopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Berberidopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Papaveropsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Ranunculidae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    1. Ranunculanae Takht. ex Rev. (1992)
  5. Rosopsida Batsch (1788)
   1. Caryophyllidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Caryophyllanae Takht. (1967)
    2. Polygonanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    3. Plumbaginanae Takht. ex Re. (1992)
 2. Hamamelididae Takht. (1967)
    1. Trochodendranae Takht. ex R(1996)
    2. Myrothamnanae Takht. (1997)
    3. Hamamelidanae Takht. (1967)
    4. Casuarinanae Takht., nom. in. (1997)
    5. Daphniphyllanae Takht. (1997)
              Barbeyanae Takht., no. in. (1997)
              Buxanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
    6. Juglandanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
              Faganae Takht. (1997)
 3. Dilleniidae Takht. ex Rev & Tahkt. (1993)
    1. Dillenianae Takht. (1967)
    2. Theanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1993)
    3. Lecythidanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    4. Sarracenianae Thorne ex Rev.(1996)
    5. Nepenthanae Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
    6. Ericanae Takht. (1967)
    7. Primulanae R. Dahlgren ex Rev.(1996)
    8. Violanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
    9. Capparanae Reveal (1994)
    10. Malvanae Takht. (1967)
    11. Cucurbitanae Reveal (1994)
    12. Urticanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    13. Euphorbianae Takht. ex Rev (1992)
  4. Rosidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Saxifraganae Reveal (1994)
    2. Podostemanae R. Dahlg ex R(1992)
    3. Celastranae Takht. (1967)
    4. Santalanae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
    5. Rosanae Takht. (1967)
    6. Geranianae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
    7. Fabanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1993)
    8. Rutanae Takht. (1967)
    9. Rhamnanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    10. Proteanae Takht. (1967)
    11. Vitanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    12. Rhizophoranae Takht., no.in.1997
    13. Myrtanae Takht. (1967)
 5. Cornidae Frohne & U. Jensen ex R (1994)
    1. Cornanae Thorne ex Reveal (1996)
    2. Eucommianae Takht. ex Rev. (1993)
    3. Aralianae Takht. (1967)
    4. Dipsacanae Takht. (1997)
 6. Lamiidae Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
    1. Gentiananae Thorne ex Rev. (1992)
    2. Solananae R. Dahlgren ex Rev. (1992)
    3. Loasanae R. Dahlgren ex Rev. (1996)
    4. Oleanae Takht. (1997)
    5. Lamianae Takht. (1967)
7. Asteridae Takht. (1967)
    1. Campanulanae Takht. ex Rev (1992)
    2. Asteranae Takht. (1967)
 

Magnoliophyta Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996)
  1. Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht. (1967)
    1. Magnolianae Takht. (1967)
     1. Winterales A.C. Sm. ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Winteraceae R. Br. ex Lindl., nom. cons. (1830)
              Takhtajaniaceae (J.-F. Leroy) J.-F. Leroy (1980)
     2. Canellales Cronquist (1957)
       1. Canellaceae Mart., nom. cons. (1832)
              Winteranaceae Warb., nom. illeg. (1895)
     3. Illiciales Hu ex Cronquist (1981)
       1. Illiciaceae (DC.) A.C. Sm., nom. cons. (1947)
       2. Schisandraceae Blume, nom. cons. (1830)
     4. Magnoliales Bromhead (1838)
       1. Degeneriaceae I.W. Bailey & A.C. Sm., nom. cons. (1942)
       2. Himantandraceae Diels, nom. cons. (1917)
       3. Magnoliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Liriodendraceae F.A. Barkley (1975)
     5. Eupomatiales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Eupomatiaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1841)
     6. Annonales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Annonaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Hornschuchiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Monodoraceae J. Agardh (1858)
     7. Myristicales Thomé (1877)
       1. Myristicaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
     8. Austrobaileyales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Austrobaileyaceae (Croizat) Croizat, nom. cons. (1943)
    2. Lauranae Takht. (1997)
     1. Laurales Perleb (1826)
              Gyrocarpales Dumort. (1829)
              Monimiales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Amborellaceae Pichon, nom. cons. (1948)
       2. Trimeniaceae (Janet R. Perkins & Gilg) Gibbs, nom. cons. (1917)
       3. Monimiaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1809)
              Atherospermataceae R. Br. (1814)
              Hortoniaceae (Janet R. Perkins & Gilg) A.C. Sm. (1971)
              Siparunaceae (A. DC.) Schodde (1970)
       4. Gomortegaceae Reiche, nom. cons. (1896)
       5. Hernandiaceae Blume, nom. cons. (1826)
              Gyrocarpaceae Dumort. (1829)
              Illigeraceae Blume (1833)
       6. Lauraceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Cassythaceae Bartl. ex Lindl., nom. cons. (1833)
              Perseaceae Horan. (1834)
     2. Calycanthales Mart. (1835)
       1. Calycanthaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1819)
              Buttneriaceae Barnh., nom. illeg. (1895)
              Chimonanthaceae Perleb (1838)
       2. Idiospermaceae S.T. Blake (1972)
     3. Chloranthales A.C. Sm. ex J.-F. Leroy (1983)
       1. Chloranthaceae R. Br. ex Lindl., nom. cons. (1821)
              Hedyosmaceae Caruel (1881)
  2. Piperopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Aristolochiopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Asaropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Hydropeltidopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Nelumbonopsida Endl. (1839)
              Nymphaeopsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Piperidae Reveal (1994)
    1. Piperanae Reveal (1994)
     1. Piperales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Saururaceae Rich. ex E. Meyer, nom. cons. (1827)
       2. Piperaceae C. Agardh, nom. cons. (1824)
              Peperomiaceae A.C. Sm. (1981)
    2. Lactoridanae Takht. (1997)
     1. Lactoridales Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Lactoridaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1888)
     2. Aristolochiales Dumort. (1829)
              Asarales Horan. (1847)
       1. Aristolochiaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Asaraceae Vent. (1799)
    3. Rafflesianae Thorne ex Reveal (1996)
     1. Hydnorales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Hydnoraceae C. Agardh, nom. cons. (1821)
     2. Rafflesiales Oliv. (1895)
              Cytinales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Apodanthaceae (R. Br.) Tiegh. ex Takht. (1987)
       2. Mitrastemonaceae Makino, nom. cons. (1911)
       3. Rafflesiaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
       4. Cytinaceae (Brongn.) A. Rich. (1824)
    4. Balanophoranae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Cynomoriales Burnett (1835)
       1. Cynomoriaceae (Schott & Endl.) Lindl., nom.cons. (1833)
     2. Balanophorales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Mystropetalaceae Hook.f. (1853)
       2. Dactylanthaceae (Engl.) Takht. (1987)
       3. Lophophytaceae (Schott & Endl.) Bromhead (1840)
       4. Sarcophytaceae A. Kern. (1891)
       5. Scybaliaceae A. Kern. (1891)
       6. Heloseaceae (Schott & Endl.) Bromhead (1840)
       7. Langsdorffiaceae Tiegh. ex Pilger (1914)
       8. Balanophoraceae Rich. (1822)
   2. Nymphaeidae J.W. Walker ex Takht. (1997)
    1. Nymphaeanae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Nymphaeales Dumort. (1829)
              Euryalales H.L. Li (1955)
       1. Nymphaeaceae Salisb., nom. cons. (1805)
              Euryalaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Nupharaceae A. Kern. (1891)
       2. Barclayaceae (Endl.) H.L. Li (1955)
   3. Nelumbonidae Takht. (1997)
    1. Nelumbonanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Nelumbonales Nakai ex Reveal (1996)
       1. Nelumbonaceae (DC.) Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
     2. Hydropeltidales Spenn. (1834)
       1. Hydropeltidaceae (DC.) Dumort. (1822)
       2. Cabombaceae A. Rich., nom. cons. (1828)
    2. Ceratophyllanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     1. Ceratophyllales Bisch. (1839)
       1. Ceratophyllaceae Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
3. Liliopsida Scop. (1760)
              Aropsida Bartl. (1830)
              Bromeliopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Hydrocharitopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Juncopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Liriopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Najadiopsida Hoffmanns. & Link (1809)
              Orchidopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Pandanopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Phoenicopsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Alismatidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Butomanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Butomales Hutch. (1934)
       1. Butomaceae Rich., nom. cons. (1815)
    2. Alismatanae Takht. (1967)
              Najadanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Alismatales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Limnocharitaceae Takht. ex Cronquist (1981)
       2. Alismataceae Vent., nom. cons. (1799)
              Damasoniaceae Nakai (1943)
              Elismataceae Nakai, nom. illeg. (1943)
     2. Hydrocharitales Dumort. (1829)
              Elodeales Nakai (1950)
              Vallisneriales Nakai (1949)
       1. Hydrocharitaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Blyxaceae (Aschers. & Gürcke) Nakai (1949)
              Elodeaceae Dumort. (1829)
              Enhalaceae Nakai (1943)
              Halophilaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Stratiotaceae Link (1829)
              Thalassiaceae Nakai (1943)
              Vallisneriaceae Link (1829)
     3. Aponogetonales Hutch. (1934)
       1. Aponogetonaceae J. Agardh (1858)
     4. Najadales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Najadaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
     5. Juncaginales Hutch. (1934)
              Scheuchzeriales B. Boivin (1956)
       1. Scheuchzeriaceae Rudolphi, nom. cons. (1830)
       2. Juncaginaceae Rich. (1808)
              Heterostylaceae Hutch. (1934)
              Lilaeaceae Dumort. (1829)
              Maundiaceae Nakai (1943)
              Triglochinaceae Chev. (1827)
     6. Potamogetonales Dumort. (1829)
              Cymodoceales Nakai (1943)
              Posidoniales Nakai (1943)
              Ruppiales Nakai (1950)
              Zosterales Nakai (1943)
       1. Potamogetonaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Hydrogetonaceae Link (1829)
       2. Ruppiaceae Horan. ex Hutch., nom. cons. (1934)
       3. Zannichelliaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
       4. Zosteraceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
       5. Posidoniaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1934)
              Cauliniaceae J. Presl, nom. illeg. (1846)
       6. Cymodoceaceae N. Taylor, nom. cons. (1909)
   2. Triurididae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    1. Triuridanae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Triuridales Hook.f. (1876)
       1. Triuridaceae Gardner, nom. cons. (1843)
              Lacandoniaceae E. Martínes & Ramos (1989)
   3. Aridae Takht. (1997)
    1. Acoranae Reveal (1997)
     1. Acorales Reveal (1996)
       1. Acoraceae Martinov (1820)
    2. Aranae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Arales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Araceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Arisaraceae Raf. (1838)
              Caladiaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Callaceae Rchb. ex Bartl. (1830)
              Cryptocorynaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Dracontiaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Lemnaceae Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
              Lentiscaceae Horan. (1843)
              Orontiaceae Bartl. (1830)
              Pistiaceae Rich. ex C. Agardh (1822)
              Pothoaceae Raf. (1838)
              Wolffiaceae Bubani (1901-1902)
    3. Cyclanthanae Thorne ex Reveal (1996)
     1. Cyclanthales Nakai (1930)
       1. Cyclanthaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
    4. Pandananae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Pandanales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Pandanaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Freycinetiaceae Brongn. ex Le Maout & Decne. (1868)
   4. Liliidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Lilianae Takht. (1967)
              Dioscoreanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     1. Tofieldiales Reveal & Zomlefer (1997)
       1. Tofieldiaceae Takht. (1994)
     2. Dioscoreales Hook.f. (1876)
              Stemonales Takht. (1995)
              Taccales Dumort. (1829)
              Tamales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Trichopodaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1934)
       2. Stenomeridaceae J. Agardh, nom. cons. (1858)
       3. Avetraceae Takht. (1997)
       4. Dioscoreaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Tamaceae Martinov (1820)
              Tamnaceae J. Kickx f. (1826)
       5. Stemonaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1887)
              Roxburghiaceae Wall. (1832)
       6. Croomiaceae Nakai (1937)
       7. Pentastemonaceae Duyfjes (1992)
       8. Taccaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
     3. Smilacales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Rhipogonaceae Conran & Cliffford (1985)
       2. Smilacaceae Vent., nom. cons. (1799)
       3. Petermanniaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1934)
     4. Nartheciales Reveal & Zompher (1997)
       1. Nartheciaceae Fr. ex Bjurzon (1846)
              Abaminaceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
              Lophiolaceae Nakai (1943)
     5. Petrosaviales Takht. (1997)
       1. Petrosaviaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1934)
     6. Melanthiales R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
              Veratrales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Chionographidaceae Takht. (1996)
       2. Heloniadaceae J. Agardh (1858)
       3. Xerophyllaceae Takht. (1996)
       4. Melanthiaceae Batsch, nom. cons. (1802)
              Veratraceae Salisb. (1807)
       5. Japonoliriaceae Takht. (1996)
       6. Campynemataceae Dumort. (1829)
     7. Trilliales Takht. (1997)
              Paridales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Trilliaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1846)
              Paridaceae Dumort. (1827)
     8. Alstroemeriales Hutch. (1934)
       1. Alstroemeriaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
     9. Colchicales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Burchardiaceae Takht. (1996)
       2. Colchicaceae DC., nom. cons. (1805)
              Bulbocodiaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Merenderaceae Mirb. (1804)
       3. Tricyrtidaceae Takht. (1997)
       4. Uvulariaceae A. Gray ex Kunth, nom. cons. (1843)
              Compsoaceae Horan. (1834)
       5. Scoliopaceae Takht. (1996)
       6. Calochortaceae Dumort. (1829)
     10. Liliales Perleb (1826)
       1. Liliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Erythroniaceae Martinov (1820)
              Fritillariaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Liriaceae Batsch (1786)
              Tulipaceae Batsch (1786)
       2. Medeolaceae (S. Wats.) Takht. (1987)
     11. Hypoxidales Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
       1. Hypoxidaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1814)
     12. Orchidales Raf. (1815)
       1. Orchidaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Apostasiaceae Lindl. (1833)
              Cypripediaceae Lindl. (1833)
              Limodoraceae Horan. (1847)
              Neottiaceae Horan. (1834)
              Neuwiediaceae (Burns-Bal. & V.A. Funk) R. Dalg. ex Rev. & Hoogland (1991)
              Vanillaceae Lindl. (1835)
     13. Tecophilaeales Traub ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Lanariaceae H. Huber ex R. Dahlgren & A.E. van Wyk (1988)
       2. Ixioliriaceae (Pax) Nakai (1943)
       3. Walleriaceae (R. Dahlgren) Takht. (1994)
       4. Tecophilaeaceae Leyb., nom. cons. (1862)
              Androsynaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Conantheraceae (D. Don) Hook.f. (1873)
              Cyanellaceae Salisb. (1866)
       5. Cyanastraceae Engl., nom. cons. (1900)
       6. Eriospermaceae Endl. (1841)
     14. Iridales Raf. (1815)
              Ixiales Lindl. (1835)
       1. Iridaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Crocaceae Vest (1818)
              Galaxiaceae Raf. (1836)
              Geosiridaceae Jonker, nom. cons. (1939)
              Gladiolaceae Raf. (1838)
              Hewardiaceae Nakai, nom. illeg. (1943)
              Isophysidaceae (Hutch.) F.A. Barkley (1948)
              Ixiaceae Horan. (1834)
     15. Burmanniales Heintze (1927)
       1. Burmanniaceae Blume, nom. cons. (1827)
              Thismiaceae J. Agardh, nom. cons. (1858)
              Tripterellaceae Dumort., nom. illeg. (1829)
       2. Corsiaceae Becc., nom. cons. (1878)
     16. Amaryllidales Bromhead (1840)
              Alliales Traub (1972)
              Narcissales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Hyacinthaceae Batsch (1786)
              Eucomidaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Lachenaliaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Ornithogalaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Scillaceae Vest (1818)
       2. Themidaceae Salisb. (1866)
       3. Alliaceae J. Agardh, nom. cons. (1858)
              Agapanthaceae Voigt (1850)
              Cepaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Gilliesiaceae Lindl. (1826)
              Milulaceae Traub (1972)
              Tulbaghiaceae Salisb. (1866)
       4. Hesperocallidaceae Traub (1972)
       5. Amaryllidaceae J. St.-Hil., nom. cons. (1805)
              Brunsvigiaceae Horan. (1834)
              Crinaceae Vest (1818)
              Cyrtanthaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Galanthaceae G. Mey. (1836)
              Gethyllidaceae Raf. (1838)
              Haemanthaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Leucojaceae Batsch (1786)
              Narcissaceae Juss. (1789)
              Oporanthaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Pancratiaceae Horan. (1847)
              Strumariaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Zephyranthaceae Salisb. (1866)
     17. Asparagales Bromhead (1838)
       2. Convallariaceae Horan. (1834)
              Aspidistraceae Endl. (1841)
              Platymetraceae Salisb., nom. illeg. (1866)
              Polygonataceae Salisb. (1866)
              Tupistraceae Schnizl. (1846)
       3. Ophiopogonaceae Endl. (1841)
              Peliosanthaceae Salisb. (1866)
       4. Asparagaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
     18. Asteliales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Dracaenaceae Salisb. (1866)
              Sansevieriaceae Nakai (1936)
       2. Ruscaceae Sprengl. ex Hutch., nom. cons. (1934)
       3. Nolinaceae Nakai (1943)
       4. Asteliaceae Dumort. (1829)
       6. Geitonoplesiaceae R. Dahlgr. ex Conran (1994)
       7. Luzuriagaceae Lotsy (1911)
       8. Philesiaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Lapageriaceae Kunth (1850)
     19. Hanguanales R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Hanguanaceae Airy Shaw (1964)
     20. Agavales Hutch. (1934)
              Xanthorrhoeales Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
              Dasypogonales Thorne, nom. nud. (1997)
       1. Dasypogonaceae Dumort. (1829)
              Baxteriaceae Takht. (1996)
              Kingiaceae Endl. (1838)
              Xerotaceae Endl., nom. illeg. (1838)
       2. Calectasiaceae Endl. (1838)
       3. Hemerocallidaceae R. Br. (1810)
       4. Blandfordiaceae R. Dahlgren & Clifford (1985)
       5. Xanthorrhoeaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
       6. Agavaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1841)
              Yuccaceae J. Agardh (1858)
       7. Anthericaceae J. Agardh (1858)
       8. Laxmanniaceae Bubani (1901-1902)
              Eustrephaceae Chupov (1994)
              Lomandraceae Lotsy (1911)
       9. Herreriaceae Endl. (1841)
       10. Phormiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Dianellaceae Salisb. (1866)
       11. Johnsoniaceae Lotsy (1911)
       12. Doryanthaceae R. Dahlgren & Clifford (1985)
       13. Asphodelaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
       14. Aloaceae Batsch (1802)
       15. Aphyllanthaceae Burnett (1835)
       16. Hostaceae B. Mathew (1988)
              Funkiaceae Horan., nom. illeg. (1834)
   5. Arecidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Arecanae Takht. (1967)
     1. Arecales Bromhead (1840)
              Cocosales Nakai (1930)
       1. Arecaceae Schultz Sch., nom. cons. (1832)
              Acristaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Borassaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
              Calamaceae Kunth ex Perleb (1838)
              Ceroxylaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Chamaedoreaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Cocosaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
              Coryphaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
              Geonomataceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Iriarteaceae O.F. Cook & Doyle (1913)
              Lepidocaryaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Malortieaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Manicariaceae O.F. Cook (1910)
              Nypaceae Brongn. ex Le Maout & Decne. (1868)
              Palmae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
              Phoenicaceae Burnett (1835)
              Phytellephaceae Mart. ex Perleb (1838)
              Pseudophoenicaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
              Sabalaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
              Sagaceae Schultz Sch., nom. illeg. (1832)
              Synechanthaceae O.F. Cook (1913)
   6. Commelinidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Bromelianae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Bromeliales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Bromeliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Tillandsiaceae Wilbr. (1834)
     2. Velloziales R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Velloziaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1841)
              Acanthochlamydaceae (Shou C. Chen) P.C. Kao (1989)
              Barbaceniaceae Arn. (1832)
    2. Pontederianae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Haemodorales Hutch. (1934)
       1. Haemodoraceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Conostylidaceae (Pax) Takht. (1987)
              Dilatridaceae M. Roem. (1840)
              Wachendorfiaceae Herb. (1837)
              Xiphidiaceae Dumort. (1829)
     2. Philydrales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Philydraceae Link, nom. cons. (1821)
     3. Pontederiales Hook.f. (1876)
       1. Pontederiaceae Kunth, nom. cons. (1816)
              Heterantheraceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Unisemataceae Raf. (1837)
    3. Commelinanae Takht. (1967)
              Rapateales Colella ex Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     1. Xyridales Lindl. (1846)
              Mayacales Nakai (1943)
       1. Rapateaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
       2. Xyridaceae C. Agardh, nom. cons. (1823)
              Abolbodaceae Nakai (1943)
       3. Mayacaceae Kunth (1842)
     2. Commelinales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Commelinaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Cartonemataceae Pichon, nom. cons. (1946)
              Ephemeraceae Batsch, nom. illeg. (1802)
              Tradescantiaceae Salisb. (1807)
     3. Eriocaulales Nakai (1930)
       1. Eriocaulaceae P. Beauv. ex Desv. (1828)
    4. Hydatellanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Hydatellales Cronquist (1980)
       1. Hydatellaceae U. Hamann, nom. cons. (1976)
    5. Typhanae Thorne ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Typhales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Typhaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
       2. Sparganiaceae Rudolphi, nom. cons. (1830)
    6. Juncanae Takht. (1967)
              Poanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     1. Juncales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Juncaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
       2. Thurniaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1907)
     2. Cyperales Hutch. (1934)
       1. Cyperaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Caricaceae Burnett, nom. illeg. (1835)
              Kobresiaceae Gilly (1952)
              Papyraceae Burnett (1835)
              Scirpaceae Batsch (1786)
     3. Flagellariales Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     4. Restionales J.H. Schaffn. (1929)
              Centrolepidales R. Dahlgren ex Takht. (1997)
       1. Flagellariaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
       2. Joinvilleaceae Toml. & A.C. Sm. (1970)
       3. Restionaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Elegiaceae Raf. (1838)
       4. Anarthriaceae D.F. Cutler & Airy Shaw (1965)
       5. Ecdeiocoleaceae D.F. Cutler & Airy Shaw (1965)
       6. Centrolepidaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1836)
              Devauxiaceae Dumort., nom. illeg. (1829)
     5. Poales Small (1903)
              Avenales Bromhead (1838)
       1. Poaceae (R. Br.) Barnh., nom. cons. (1895)
              Aegilopaceae Martinov (1820)
              Agrostidaceae Burnett (1835)
              Alopecuraceae Martinov (1820)
              Andropogonaceae Martinov (1820)
              Anomochloaceae Nakai (1943)
              Arundinaceae (Dumort.) Hochst. (1850)
              Arundinellaceae (Stapf) Herter (1940)
              Avenaceae Martinov (1820)
              Bambusaceae Burnett (1835)
              Chloridaceae (Bercht. & J. Presl) Herter (1940)
              Eragrostidaceae (Stapf) Herter (1940)
              Festucaceae (Dumort.) Herter (1952)
              Gramineae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
              Hordeaceae Burnett (1835)
              Lepturaceae (Dumort.) Herter (1940)
              Maydaceae Martinov, nom. illeg. (1820)
              Melicaceae Martinov (1820)
              Miliaceae Burnett (1835)
              Nardaceae Martinov (1820)
              Oryzaceae Burnett (1835)
              Panicaceae Voigt (1845)
              Pappophoraceae (Kunth) Herter (1940)
              Parianaceae Nakai (1943)
              Phalaridaceae Burnett (1835)
              Pharaceae (Stapf) Herter (1940)
              Saccharaceae Martinov (1820)
              Spartinaceae Burnett (1835)
              Sporobolaceae Herter (1941)
              Stipaceae Burnett (1835)
              Streptochaetaceae Nakai (1943)
              Tristeginaceae (Link) Herter, nom. illeg. (1940)
              Triticaceae Hochst. (1848)
              Zeaceae A. Kern. (1891)
   7. Zingiberidae Cronquist (1978)
    1. Zingiberanae Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
     1. Zingiberales Griseb. (1854)
              Amomales Lindl. (1835)
              Cannales Dumort. (1829)
              Lowiales Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
              Musales Reveal (1997)
       1. Strelitziaceae (K. Schum.) Hutch. (1934)
              Alpiniaceae R. Br. ex Rudolphi (1830)
              Amomaceae J. St.-Hil. (1805)
              Curcumaceae Dumort. (1829)
       2. Heliconiaceae (A. Rich.) Nakai (1941)
       3. Musaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
       4. Lowiaceae Ridl., nom. cons. (1924)
       5. Zingiberaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1835)
       6. Costaceae (Meisn.) Nakai (1941)
       7. Cannaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
       8. Marantaceae Petersen, nom. cons. (1888)
4. Ranunculopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Berberidopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Papaveropsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Ranunculidae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
    1. Ranunculanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Lardizabalales Loconte (1995)
       1. Lardizabalaceae Decne., nom. cons. (1839)
       2. Sargentodoxaceae Stapf ex Hutch. (1926)
       3. Decaisneaceae (Takht. ex Quin) Loconte (1995)
     2. Menispermales Bromhead (1838)
       1. Menispermaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Pseliaceae Raf. (1838)
     3. Berberidales Dumort. (1829)
              Podophyllales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Nandinaceae Horan. (1834)
       2. Berberidaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
       3. Ranzaniaceae (Kumaz. & Terabayashi) Takht. (1994)
       4. Podophyllaceae DC., nom. cons. (1821)
       5. Leonticaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
              Diphylleiaceae Schultz Sch. (1832)
              Epimediaceae Menge (1839)
     4. Ranunculales Dumort. (1829)
              Helleborales Nakai (1949)
              Hydrastidales Takht. (1997)
       1. Hydrastidaceae Martinov (1820)
       2. Ranunculaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Actaeaceae Raf. (1828)
              Anemonaceae Vest (1818)
              Aquilegiaceae Lilja (1870)
              Calthaceae Martinov (1820)
              Cimicifugaceae (Arn.) Bromhead (1840)
              Clematidaceae Martinov (1820)
              Delphiniaceae Brenner (1886)
              Helleboraceae Vest (1818)
              Nigellaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Thalictraceae Raf. (1815)
     5. Circaeasterales Takh. (1997)
       1. Kingdoniaceae A.S. Foster ex Airy Shaw (1964)
       2. Circaeasteraceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1926)
     6. Glaucidiales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Glaucidiaceae Tamura (1972)
     7. Paeoniales Heintze (1927)
       1. Paeoniaceae (Bercht. & J. Presl) Rudolphi, nom. cons. (1830)
     8. Papaverales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Pteridophyllaceae (Murb.) Nakai ex Reveal & Hoogland (1991)
       2. Papaveraceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Chelidoniaceae Martinov (1820)
              Corydalaceae Vest (1818)
              Eschscholziaceae Ser. (1847)
              Fumariaceae DC., nom. cons. (1821)
              Hypecoaceae (Dumort.) Willk. & Lange (1880)
              Platystemonaceae (Rchb. ex Spach) Lilja (1870)
  5. Rosopsida Batsch (1788)
              Aceropsida Endl. (1840)
              Aesculopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Asclepidopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Asteropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Cactopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Campanulopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Caprifoliopsida Endl. (1838)
              Caryophyllopsida Bartl. (1825)
              Celastropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Cistopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Coffeopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Convolvulopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Crassulopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Crotonopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Cucurbitopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Daphnopsida Meisn. (1841)
              Diospyropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Ericopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Frangulopsida Endl. (1840)
              Geraniopsida Meisn. (1837)
              Hamamelidopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Ligustropsida Bartl. ex Meisn. (1840)
              Loniceropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Loranthopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Malpighiopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Malvopsida R. Br. (1818)
              Myrsinopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Myrtopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Oeotheropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Opuntiopsida Endl. (1839)
              Passifloropsida Brongn. (1843)
              Plantaginopsida Meisn. (1841)
              Plumbaginopsida Endl. (1837)
              Polygalopsida Endl. (1840)
              Polygonopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Primulopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Proteopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Rhamnopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Rubiopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Rutopsida A. Juss. ex Meisn. (1837)
              Salicopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Santalopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Saxifragopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Selaginopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Solanopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Styracopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Thymelaeopsida Endl. (1837)
              Urticopsida Bartl. (1830)
              Verbenopsida Brongn. (1843)
              Violopsida Brongn. (1843)
   1. Caryophyllidae Takht. (1967)
    1. Caryophyllanae Takht. (1967)
     1. Caryophyllales Perleb (1826)
              Amaranthales Dumort. (1829)
              Atriplicales Horan. (1847)
              Cactales Dumort. (1829)
              Chenopodiales Dumort. (1829)
              Nyctaginales Dumort. (1829)
              Opuntiales Willk. (1854)
              Petiveriales Lindl. (1833)
              Portulacales Dumort. (1829)
              Scleranthales Dumort. (1829)
              Silenales Lindl. (1833)
              Stellariales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Achatocarpaceae Harms, nom. cons. (1934)
       2. Portulacaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Montiaceae Raf. (1820)
       3. Hectorellaceae Philipson & Skipw. (1961)
       4. Basellaceae Moq., nom. cons. (1840)
              Anrederaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Ullucaceae Nakai (1942)
       5. Didiereaceae Drake, nom. cons. (1903)
       6. Cactaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Cereaceae DC. & Spreng. (transl. W. Jameson) (1821)
              Opuntiaceae Martinov (1820)
       7. Stegnospermataceae (A. Rich.) Nakai (1942)
       8. Phytolaccaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1818)
              Sarcocaceae Raf. (1837)
       9. Petiveriaceae C. Agardh (1824)
              Hilleriaceae Nakai (1942)
              Riviniaceae C. Agardh (1824)
              Seguieriaceae Nakai (1942)
       10. Gisekiaceae (Endl.) Nakai (1942)
       11. Agdestidaceae (Heimerl) Nakai (1942)
       12. Barbeuiaceae (H. Walter) T. Nakai (1942)
       13. Nyctaginaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Allioniaceae Horan. (1834)
              Bougainvilleaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Jalapaceae Adans., nom. illeg. (1763)
              Mirabilidaceae W.R.B. Oliv. (1936)
              Pisoniaceae J. Agardh (1858)
       14. Sarcobataceae Behnke (1997)
       15. Aizoaceae Rudolphi, nom. cons. (1830)
              Galeniaceae Raf. (1819)
              Mesembryaceae Dumort. (1829)
              Mesembryanthemaceae Fenzl, nom. cons. (1836)
       16. Sesuviaceae Horan. (1834)
       17. Tetragoniaceae Nakai, nom. cons. (1942)
              Corrigiolaceae (Dumort.) Dumort. (1829)
       18. Halophytaceae A. Soriano (1984)
       19. Molluginaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1926)
              Adenogrammaceae (Fenzl) Nakai (1942)
              Glinaceae Link (1831)
              Pharnaceaceae Martinov (1820)
              Polpodaceae (Fenzl) Nakai (1942)
              Telephiaceae Martinov (1820)
       20. Chenopodiaceae Vent., nom. cons. (1799)
              Atriplicaceae Durande (1782)
              Betaceae Burnett (1835)
              Blitaceae Adans. (1763)
              Corispermaceae Link (1831)
              Dysphaniaceae (Pax) Pax, nom. cons. (1927)
              Polycnemaceae Menge (1839)
              Salicorniaceae Martinov (1820)
              Salsolaceae Menge (1839)
              Spinaciaceae Menge (1839)
       21. Amaranthaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Achyranthaceae Raf. (1837)
              Celosiaceae Martinov (1820)
              Deeringiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Gomphrenaceae Raf. (1837)
       22. Caryophyllaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Alsinaceae (Lam. & DC.) Bartl., nom. cons. (1825)
              Cerastiaceae Vest (1818)
              Dianthaceae Vest (1818)
              Herniariaceae Durande (1782)
              Illecebraceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Lychnidaceae (Fenzl ex Endl.) Lilja (1870)
              Ortegaceae Martinov (1820)
              Paronychiaceae Juss. (1815)
              Polycarpaeaceae (DC.) Schur (1866)
              Scleranthaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
              Silenaceae (DC.) Bartl. (1825)
              Spergulaceae Adans. (1763)
              Stellariaceae Dumort. (1822)
    2. Polygonanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Polygonales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Polygonaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Calligonaceae Khalk. (1985)
              Eriogonaceae (Dumort.) G. Don (1839)
              Persicariaceae Adans. (1763)
              Rumicaceae Martinov (1820)
    3. Plumbaginanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Plumbaginales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Plumbaginaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Aegialitidaceae Lincz. (1968)
              Armeriaceae Horan. (1834)
              Limoniaceae Ser. (1851)
              Staticaceae Cassel (1817)
  2. Hamamelididae Takht. (1967)
    1. Trochodendranae Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
     1. Trochodendrales Takht. ex Cronquist (1981)
       1. Trochodendraceae Prantl, nom. cons. (1888)
       2. Tetracentraceae A.C. Sm., nom. cons. (1945)
     2. Eupteleales Hu ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Eupteleaceae K. Wilh., nom. cons. (1910)
     3. Cercidiphyllales Hu ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Cercidiphyllaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1909)
    2. Myrothamnanae Takht. (1997)
     1. Myrothamnales Nakai ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Myrothamnaceae Nied., nom. cons. (1891)
    3. Hamamelidanae Takht. (1967)
     1. Hamamelidales Griseb. (1854)
              Platanales J.H. Schaffn. (1929)
       1. Hamamelidaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1818)
              Bucklandiaceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
              Disanthaceae Nakai (1943)
              Fothergillaceae Nutt. (1818)
              Parrotiaceae Horan. (1834)
              Rhodoleiaceae Nakai (1943)
       2. Altingiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1846)
       3. Platanaceae T. Lestib. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
    4. Casuarinanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     1. Casuarinales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Casuarinaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1814)
    5. Daphniphyllanae Takht. (1997)
              Barbeyanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
              Buxanae Takht., nom. inval. (1997)
     1. Barbeyales Takht. & Reveal (1993)
       1. Barbeyaceae Rendle, nom. cons. (1916)
     2. Daphniphyllales Pulle ex Cronquist (1981)
       1. Daphniphyllaceae Müll.-Arg., nom. cons. (1869)
     3. Balanopales Engl. (1897)
       1. Balanopaceae Benth. & Hook.f. (1880)
     4. Didymelales Takht. (1967)
       1. Didymelaceae Leandri (1937)
     5. Buxales Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
       1. Buxaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1822)
              Pachysandraceae J. Agardh (1858)
     6. Simmondsiales Reveal (1992)
       1. Simmondsiaceae  Tiegh. ex Reveal & Hoogland (1990)
    6. Juglandanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
              Faganae Takht. (1997)
     1. Fagales Engl. (1892)
              Quercales Burnett (1835)
       1. Nothofagaceae Kuprian. (1962)
       2. Fagaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Castaneaceae Adans. (1763)
              Quercaceae Bercht. & J. Presl (1820)
     2. Corylales Dumort. (1829)
              Betulales Bromhead (1838)
       1. Betulaceae Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
       2. Corylaceae Mirb., nom. cons. (1815)
       2. Stylocerataceae (Pax) Takht. ex Reveal & Hoogland (1990)
              Carpinaceae Vest (1818)
       3. Ticodendraceae Gómez-Laur. & L.D. Gómez (1991)
     3. Myricales Engl. (1897)
       1. Myricaceae Blume, nom. cons. (1829)
     4. Rhoipteleales Novák ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Rhoipteleaceae Hand.-Mazz., nom. cons. (1932)
     5. Juglandales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Juglandaceae A. Rich. ex Kunth, nom. cons. (1824)
3. Dilleniidae Takht. ex Reveal & Tahkt. (1993)
    1. Dillenianae Takht. (1967)
     1. Dilleniales Hutch. (1924)
       1. Dilleniaceae Salisb. (1807)
              Hibbertiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Soramiaceae Martinov (1820)
    2. Theanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1993)
     1. Paracryphiales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Paracryphiaceae Airy Shaw (1964)
     2. Theales Lindl. (1833)
              Hypericales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Stachyuraceae J. Agardh (1858)
       2. Theaceae D. Don, nom. cons. (1825)
              Camelliaceae DC. (1816)
              Gordoniaceae (DC.) Spreng. (1826)
              Malachodendraceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
              Sladeniaceae (Gilg & Werderm.) Airy Shaw (1964)
              Ternstroemiaceae Mirb. ex DC. (1816)
       3. Asteropeiaceae (Szyszyl.) Takht. ex Reveal & Hoogland (1990)
       4. Pentaphylacaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1897)
       5. Tetrameristaceae Hutch. (1959)
       6. Oncothecaceae Kobuski ex Airy Shaw (1964)
       7. Marcgraviaceae Choisy (1824)
       8. Caryocaraceae Szyszyl., nom. cons. (1893)
              Rhizobolaceae DC., nom. illeg. (1824)
       9. Pellicieraceae (Triana & Planch.) L. Beauvis. ex Bullock (1959)
       10. Clusiaceae Lindl., nom. cons. (1836)
              Ascyraceae Plenck (1796)
              Bonnetiaceae (Bartl.) L. Beauv. ex Nakai (1948)
              Calophyllaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Cambogiaceae Horan. (1834)
              Garciniaceae Bartl. (1830)
              Guttiferae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
              Hypericaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
     3. Physenales Takht. (1997)
       1. Physenaceae Takht. (1985)
     4. Ochnales Hutch. ex Reveal (1992)
              Medusagynales Takht., nom. invalid. (1997)
       1. Medusagynaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
       2. Strasburgeriaceae Engl. & Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
       3. Scytopetalaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1897)
              Rhaptopetalaceae Tiegh. ex Soler. (1908)
       4. Ochnaceae DC., nom. cons. (1811)
              Gomphiaceae DC. ex Schnizl. (1843-1870)
              Lophiraceae Loud. (1830)
              Luxemburgiaceae Soler. (1908)
              Sauvagesiaceae (Ging. ex DC.) Dumort. (1829)
       5. Quiinaceae Choisy ex Engl., nom. cons. (1888)
     5. Elatinales Nakai (1949)
       1. Elatinaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Alsinastraceae Rupr., nom. illeg. (1860)
              Cryptaceae Raf. (1820)
     6. Ancistrocladales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Ancistrocladaceae Planch. ex Walp., nom. cons. (1851)
     7. Dioncophyllales Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Dioncophyllaceae (Gilg) Airy Shaw, nom. cons. (1952)
    3. Lecythidanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Lecythidales Cronquist (1957)
       1. Lecythidaceae Poit., nom. cons. (1825)
              Barringtoniaceae (DC. ex Schltdl.) Rudolphi, nom. cons. (1830)
              Belvisiaceae R. Br., nom. illeg. (1821)
              Gustaviaceae Burnett (1835)
       2. Asteranthaceae R. Knuth, nom. cons. (1939)
       3. Napoleonaeaceae A. Rich. (1827)
       4. Foetidiaceae (Nied.) Airy Shaw (1964)
    4. Sarracenianae Thorne ex Reveal (1996)
     1. Sarraceniales Bromhead (1838)
       1. Sarraceniaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Heliamphoraceae Chrtek, Slavíková & Studnicka (1992)
    5. Nepenthanae Takht. ex Reveal (1996)
     1. Nepenthales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Nepenthaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
     2. Droserales Griseb. (1854)
       1. Droseraceae Salisb. (1808)
              Aldrovandaceae Nakai (1949)
              Dionaeaceae Raf. (1837)
              Drosophyllaceae Chrtek, Slavíková & Studnicka (1989)
    6. Ericanae Takht. (1967)
     1. Actinidiales Takht. ex Reveal (1993)
       1. Actinidiaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1926)
              Saurauiaceae J. Agardh, nom. cons. (1858)
     2. Ericales Dumort. (1829)
              Empetrales Raf. (1838)
              Rhodorales Horan. (1847)
              Vacciniales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Cyrillaceae Endl. (1841)
       2. Clethraceae Klotzsch, nom. cons. (1851)
       3. Ericaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Andromedaceae (Endl.)DC. ex Schnizl. (1843-1870)
              Arbutaceae (Meisn.) Bromhead (1840)
              Arctostaphylaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Azaleaceae Vest (1818)
              Diplarchaceae Klotzsch (1860)
              Empetraceae Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
              Epacridaceae R. Br. (1810)
              Hypopityaceae Link (1831)
              Kalmiaceae Durande (1782)
              Ledaceae Link (1821)
              Menziesiaceae Klotzsch (1851)
              Monotropaceae Nutt., nom. cons. (1818)
              Prionotaceae Hutch. (1969)
              Pyrolaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Rhododendraceae Juss. (1789)
              Rhodoraceae Vent. (1799)
              Salaxidaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Siphonandraceae Klotzsch, nom. illeg. (1851)
              Stypheliaceae Horan. (1834)
              Vacciniaceae DC. ex Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
     3. Diapensiales Engl. & Gilg (1924)
       1. Diapensiaceae (Link) Lindl., nom. cons. (1836)
              Galacaceae D. Don (1828)
     4. Bruniales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Bruniaceae R. Br. ex DC., nom. cons. (1825)
              Berzeliaceae Nakai (1943)
       2. Grubbiaceae Endl., nom. cons. (1839)
              Ophiraceae Arn. (1841)
     5. Geissolomatales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Geissolomataceae Endl. (1841)
     6. Fouquieriales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
       1. Fouquieriaceae DC. (1828)
    7. Primulanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1996)
     1. Styracales Bisch. (1839)
              Diospyrales Prantl (1874)
              Ebenales Engl. (1892)
              Sapotales Hook.f. (1868)
       1. Styracaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Halesiaceae D. Don (1828)
       2. Symplocaceae Desf., nom. cons. (1820)
       3. Ebenaceae Gürcke, nom. cons. (1891)
              Diospyraceae Durande (1782)
              Guaiacanaceae Juss. (1789)
       4. Lissocarpaceae Gilg, nom. cons. (1924)
       5. Sapotaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Achradaceae Vest (1818)
              Boerlagellaceae H.J. Lam (1925)
              Bumeliaceae Barnh. (1895)
              Sarcospermataceae H.J. Lam (1925)
     2. Primulales Dumort. (1829)
              Myrsinales Bromhead (1838)
              Samolales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Theophrastaceae Link (1829)
       2. Myrsinaceae R. Br., nom. cons. (1810)
              Aegicerataceae Blume (1833)
              Ardisiaceae Juss. (1810)
              Embeliaceae J. Agardh (1858)
       3. Primulaceae Vent., nom. cons. (1799)
              Anagallidaceae Adans. (1763)
              Coridaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Lysimachiaceae Durande (1782)
              Samolaceae Raf. (1820)
    8. Violanae R. Dahlgren ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Violales Perleb (1826)
              Flacourtiales Heintze (1927)
              Homaliales Bromhead (1838)
              Lacistematales Baskerville (1839)
              Samydales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Berberidopsidaceae (Veldk.) Takht. (1985)
       2. Aphloiaceae Takht. (1985)
       3. Bembiciaceae R.C. Keating & Takht. (1996)
       4. Flacourtiaceae Rich. ex DC., nom. cons. (1824)
              Blakwelliaceae T. Lestib., nom. illeg. (1826)
              Homaliaceae R. Br. (1818)
              Kiggelariaceae Link (1831)
              Pangiaceae Endl. (1841)
              Prockiaceae Bertuch (1801)
              Samydaceae Vent., nom. cons. (1808)
       5. Lacistemataceae Mart., nom. cons. (1826)
       6. Peridiscaceae Kuhlm., nom. cons. (1950)
       7. Violaceae Batsch, nom. cons. (1802)
              Alsodiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Ionidiaceae Mert. & W.J. Koch (1823)
              Leoniaceae A. DC. (1844)
       8. Dipentodontaceae Merr., nom. cons. (1941)
       9. Scyphostegiaceae Hutch., nom. cons. (1926)
     2. Passiflorales Dumort. (1829)
              Turnerales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Passifloraceae Juss. ex Kunth, nom. cons. (1817)
              Modeccaceae Horan. (1847)
              Paropsiaceae Dumort. (1829)
              Smeathmanniaceae Mart. ex Perleb (1838)
       2. Turneriaceae Kunth ex DC., nom. cons. (1828)
              Piriquetaceae Martinov (1820)
       3. Malesherbiaceae D. Don, nom. cons. (1827)
       4. Achariaceae Harms, nom. cons. (1897)
     3. Caricales L.D. Benson (1957)
       1. Caricaceae Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Papayaceae Blume, nom. illeg. (1826)
     4. Salicales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Salicaceae Mirb., nom. cons. (1815)
     5. Elaeocarpales Takht. (1997)
       1. Elaeocarpaceae Juss. ex DC., nom. cons. (1824)
      &˙nbsp;       Aristoteliaceae Dumort. (1829)
     6. Tamaricales Hutch. (1924)
       1. Tamaricaceae Link, nom. cons. (1821)
              Reaurmuriaceae Ehrenb. ex Lindl. (1830)
       2. Frankeniaceae A. St.-Hil. ex Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
    9. Capparanae Reveal (1994)
              Gyrostemonanae Takht. (1997)
     1. Moringales Nakai (1943)
       1. Moringaceae R. Br. ex Dumort., nom. cons. (1829)
              Hyperantheraceae Link (1829)
     2. Gyrostemonales Takht. (1997)
       1. Gyrostemonaceae Endl. (1841)
     3. Batales Engl. (1907)
       1. Bataceae Mart. ex Meisn., nom. cons. (1842)
     4. Capparales Hutch. (1924)
              Brassicales Bromhead (1838)
              Resedales Dumort. (1829)
              Tovariales Nakai (1943)
       1. Koeberliniaceae Engl., nom. cons. (1895)
       2. Pentadiplandraceae Hutch. & Dalziel (1928)
       3. Capparaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Cleomaceae Horan. (1834)
              Oxystylidaceae Hutch. (1969)
       4. Brassicaceae Burnett, nom. cons. (1835)
              Cruciferae Juss., nom. cons. et nom. alt. (1789)
              Drabaceae Martinov (1820)
              Erysimaceae Martinov (1820)
              Raphanaceae Horan. (1847)
              Schizopetalaceae A. Juss. (1848)
              Sismbriaceae Martinov (1820)
              Stanleyaceae Nutt. (1834)
              Thlaspiaceae Adans. (1763)
       5. Tovariaceae Pax, nom. cons. (1891)
       6. Resedaceae DC. ex Gray, nom. cons. (1821)
              Astrocarpaceae A. Kern. (1891)
    10. Malvanae Takht. (1967)
     1. Cistales Rchb.f. (1828)
              Bixales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Bixaceae Link, nom. cons. (1831)
       2. Cochlospermaceae Planch. (1847)
       3. Cistaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Helianthemaceae G. Mey. (1836)
       4. Diegodendraceae Capuron (1964)
     2. Malvales Dumort. (1829)
              Tiliales Caruel (1881)
       1. Tiliaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Sparmanniaceae J. Agardh (1858)
       2. Dirachmaceae Hutch. (1959)
       3. Monotaceae (Gilg) Takht. (1987)
       4. Dipterocarpaceae Blume (1825)
       5. Sarcolaenaceae Caruel, nom. cons. (1881)
              Rhodolaenaceae Bullock (1958)
              Schizolaenaceae Barnh. (1895)
       6. Plagiopteraceae Airy Shaw (1964)
       7. Huaceae A. Chev. (1947)
       8. Sterculiaceae (DC.) Bartl., nom. cons. (1830)
              Byttneriaceae R. Br. (1814)
              Cacaoaceae Augier ex T. Post & Kuntze (1903)
              Chiranthodendraceae A. Gray (1887)
              Dombeyaceae Kunth ex Desf. (1829)
              Fremontiaceae J. Agardh, nom. illeg. (1858)
              Helicteraceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Hermanniaceae Durande (1782)
              Lasiopetalaceae Rchb. (1823)
              Melochiaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Pentapetaceae Spreng. (1826)
              Theobromataceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Triplobaceae Raf. (1838)
       9. Sphaerosepalaceae (Warb.) Tiegh. ex Bullock (1959)
              Rhopalocarpaceae Hemsl. ex Takht. (1987)
       10. Bombacaceae Kunth, nom. cons. (1822)
       11. Malvaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Fugosiaceae Martinov, nom. illeg. (1820)
              Hibiscaceae J. Agardh (1858)
              Philippodendraceae Endl. (1841)
              Plagianthaceae J. Agardh (1858)
     3. Thymelaeales Willk. (1854)
              Daphnales Lindl. (1833)
       1. Gonystylaceae Gilg, nom. cons. (1897)
       2. Thymelaeaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Aquilariaceae R. Br. ex DC. (1825)
              Daphnaceae Vent. (1799)
              Phaleriaceae Meisn. (1841)
    11. Cucurbitanae Reveal (1994)
     1. Begoniales Dumort. (1829)
              Datiscales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Datiscaceae R. Br. ex Lindl., nom. cons. (1830)
              Tetramelaceae (Warb.) Airy Shaw (1964)
       2. Begoniaceae C. Agardh, nom. cons. (1824)
     2. Cucurbitales Dumort. (1829)
       1. Cucurbitaceae Juss., nom. cons. (1789)
              Bryoniaceae Adans. (1763)
              Cyclantheraceae Lilja (1870)
              Nhandirobaceae T. Lestib. (1826)
              Zanoniaceae Dumort. (1829)
    12. Urticanae Takht. ex Reveal (1992)
     1. Urticales Dumort. (1829)